Background: In Ayurveda, fats and oils have been utilized for numerous therapeutic purposes. Among fats, cow ghee is mentioned to be utilized in fresh and old forms. Old ghee is specifically indicated in epilepsy and mania. These indications represent high lipid solubility of old ghee and its action on CNS. Few analytical researches are available on fresh cow ghee but no research is done on 15 years old cow ghee. Aim: Present work aimed on Physico-chemical analysis of Purana Ghrita (Old Clarified Butter) with special reference to fatty acid profile and its comparison with fresh ghee. Material and methods: Fresh cow ghee was self prepared and compared for physico-chemical and fatty acid profile with old cow ghee which was also self prepared in 2003 and stored in airtight glass bottle. Observation and results: Colour and odour of fresh ghee and old ghee are yellowish white with specific odour of cow ghee and creamish white with distinguishing odour than fresh cow ghee respectively. Specific gravity, Refractive Index, Iodine value, Saponification value, Acid value and Peroxide value of fresh and old ghee were 0.91, 1.459, 30.67, 203.76, 1.62, 0 and 1.07, 1.465, 42.26, 347.28, 75.88, 37.54 respectively. The proportion of Capric acid, Lauric acid, Stearic acid and Oleic acid is higher in fresh Ghee than Puran Ghee. On the other hand, Puran Ghee showed much higher proportion of Myristic acid, Palmitic acid and linoleic acid than fresh Ghee. Conclusions: Both fresh and old ghee contain therapeutically significant constitutes. The differences in the proportion of these constitutes indicates use of fresh ghee as anti-oxidant and in gastro-intestinal disorders; and old ghee can be claimed as beneficial in CNS disorders.

Background: Panchakarma is the branch of Ayurveda medicine which deals with various procedures for the elimination of Doshas from body. It includes Snehana, Swedana, Vàmana, Mrechana and Raktamokshan.Out of which Virechana procedure deals with the elimination of Pitta Dosha. Various formulations have been described in classics for Virechna. Ichabhedi Rasa is a classical preparation commonly used for Virechana. Ichabhedi Rasa is described in various classical texts with some variation of ingredients. It contains Shuddha Jaipal, Shuddha Gandhak, Sunthi, Mrfarich, Shuddha Parada and Shuddha Tankana. Jaypal is the chief ingredient of the preparation having Katu Rasa, Ushna Virya and Katu Mpaka. It is well known for its strong purgative action. Objectives: In present work an attempt has been made to standardize Ichabhedi Rasa. Materials and Methods: Jaypal, Gandhak, Parada, Tankana, Sunthi, Mrfarich was collected from local market of Wardha. Herbal raw drugs were authenticated by Dravyagunadept, M.G.A.C.H. andR.C. Wardha. Parada, Gandhaka, Tankana were authenticated by Dattatray Ayurvediya Rasashala. Ichabhedi Rasa was prepared as per textual reference at Dattatraya Rasashala. The organoleptic characters, the various physico-chemical properties such as moisture content, ash values, extractive values were carried out to ascertain the quality, purity and safety of this herbal formulation. Results: Prepared Ichbhedi Rasa analyzed for the physico-chemical parameters which was within the pharmacopoeial standards. Conclusion: 100 gms of Ichabhedi Rasa can be yield from the 110gms of raw drug which was within the pharmacopoeial standards

Bhallataka is identified botanically as Semecarpus anacardium Linn.f. belonging to the family Anacardiaceae. It is commonly known as Indian marking nut and used extensively in the system of Ayurveda to cure many diseases like Arshas (piles), Arbuda (cancer) etc. Bhallataka is mentioned under Upavisha group in Ayurveda classics and it is described as a poisonous medicinal plant in Drugs and Cosmetics Act (India), 1940. Bhallataka should be used after proper Shodhana (purification/processing).Different Shodhana methods are mentioned in the Ayurved literature. Here an attempt has been made to compile the detail information of the drug Bhallataka including its Paryaya(synonyms), Guna(propcrty). Karma(actions), different indications, Shodhana methods, properties of good quality Bhallataka, antidotes of Bhallataka and to compare its chemical properties on analytical backgrounds using modern techniques such as Gas chromatography etc.

Knowledge of wound healing is the basic requirement of surgery; invariably an incidental wound is caused which may sometimes lead to ulceration. The success or failure of a surgical treatment depends upon an apparently small, unimportant and innocent incidental wound. The wound, thus decides the fate of the post operative patient. Innovative combination of drugs having wound healing property was formulated and assigned name as Jati Kalpa Ghrita. Total 110 patients were registered in the present trial. In Group A, out of 75 patients, 8 discontinued and in Group B, 5 patients discontinued out of 35. Maximum wounds were of anal region (65.45%) that got operated for Piles, Fissure, Fistula etc, and Adhishtana of Vrana was Twaka (97.27%), Mamsa (91.81%) and Marma (62.72%). In Group A, 52.3% cases wound was healed in 16-20 days while in Group B it took 26-30 days (51.72%).Average healing days observed in Group A was 20.98, while in Group B it was 22.43. By Pearson Correlation test (2-tailed), in Group A result indicated a significant correlation (0.01).Complete healing was observed in 49.25% of Group A and 47% in Group B, marked healing was seen in 37.71% in Group A and 50% of Group B. The results showed percentage of wound contraction of trial drug was highly significant when compared to control group. Jati Kalpa Ghrita is effective in healing of Shuddha Vrana. Jati Kalpa Ghrita is a potent wound healer drug.

Garbhini Chardi (Emesis Gravidarum) is a common condition seen in most of the pregnant women probably in 1^st trimester worldwide in about 50 - 80 %. It may however occurs at others time of the day also. Altered Hormonal and Immunological stages are responsible for initiation of this manifestation which is probably aggravated by neurogenic factors. The stage of severe type of vomiting i.e. Hyperemesis Gravidarum leads to dehydration, nutritional and metabolic imbalances causing physical and psychological disturbance which in turn affects the health of the fetus. So iť s early management in milder stage is essential. For it’s management, assessment of relative predominance of various Doshas (Humour) should be made and along with that nutritional fulfillment of mother is also important. Keeping this in view an attempt is being made to control Garbhini Chardi on the principles of Ayurveda the formulation of ‘Lajamanda with Sharkarä as explained by Acharya Kashyap & Yogaratnakara. It is having Hrudya(palatable), Rochana (taste enhancer), Deepan(appetizer), Pachan (digestive), Grahi (bulk forming agent), vata-Kaphashamaka (alleviate), Trushnahar(thirst coacher) and Glanihar (strengthening) properties. A single blind clinical study with minimum of 30 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were randomly selected and assigned into 2 groups of 15 patients each. Control group (Group A) were given standard modern medication Tab. Doxylamine Succinate 10mg, with the dose of 2 tablets at bedtime for 15 days. Trial group (Group B) were administered with Lajamanda & Sharkara with the dose of 20 ml B.D. (2 Times a Day) orean be consumed in excess as per the Agni (digestive fire) ofthe patient. Follow up once in a week i.e. on 8^th and 15^th day during treatment and weekly follow up after treatment course till the completion of study period. Lajamanda with Sharkara was equally effective in treating Garbhini Chardi as that of Tab. Doxylamine Succinate as the pvalue>0.05 forali the parameters.

Parkinsonism is a clinical syndrome characterized primarily by bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, postural instability and hyper tone of muscles (rigidity). Motor symptoms are the most common presenting symptoms; non motor symptoms (particularly cognitive impairment, depression and anxiety) become increasingly commonly as the disease progress and significantly reduce quality of life. Age has critical influence on it and prevalence of about 180/100000, the latter rising to 300-500/100000 after 80 years of age, average age of onset is about 60 years and lower than 5% of patient presents under the age of 40 yrs. In Ayurveda It can be correlate with Kampvata having “Sarvangkamp Shirasho vayur Vcpathii Samgyaaka as per Madhavnidana. In Kampvata, vata Prakopjanya Chala Guna Vrudhi is responsible. So that vatashamana Chikitsa indicated, this concepts are taken in the mind Pizhinchil and Mahasneha Basti are to be decided in the management. Pizhichil therapy is a beautiful combination of Snehana and Swedana in classical Ayurveda treatment in this the whole body is bathed in streams oflukewarm medicated oil with simultaneous and rhythmic soft massage. Four therapists attend to the client, focusing on four particular needs. More than three liters of medicated oil is used in this therapy. Pizhichil protects the body from illness and builds up immunity for a healthy life. It is very useful for paralysis, neurological disorder and also helps to arrest the aging process, Mahasnehabasti described by Acharaya Charak in \ktya vadhi Chikitisa and it is indicated in Sarwang Vata.

Bhagandar (Fistula in ano) is chronic disease it takes long term for healing which creates a need of fast healing procedure in its management. In order to get more effective results out of Udumbar (Ficusglomerata) Ksheer (Latex,) Sutra (Thread) in terms of fast healing the time interval is reduced of changing the Ksheer Sutra. The Ksheer Sutra was changed at every third day and the comparative results were observed. Materials and Method: In the present research work 30 patients having single track Fistula in ano more than 5 cm in length were selected as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were divided into two Groups randomly. In Group A (n=15), Udumbar Ksheer Sutra was changed after every 7 days and in Group В (n=15), Udumbar Ksheer Sutra was changed after 3 days. Evaluation of the cutting effect of Udumbar Ksheer Sutra was done by observing the comparative results in both the groups. Results: In this present research work the target achieved when the Ksheer Sutra was changed after every 3 days in Group В (n= 15) were reduction of Pain, Tenderness and Pus Discharge significantly, Cutting rate per day was more as compared to Group A (n= 15), where the Udumbar Ksheer Sutra was changed after every 7 days. Conclusions: This is the first study conducted on the evaluation of efficacy of cutting effect of Udumbar Ksheer sutra in the management of Bhagandar. The results suggest that changing of Udumbar Ksheer Sutra after every 3 days is found to be more effective in the management of Bhagandar as compare to changing it after every 7 days.

Intestinal microbiota is the essential form of micro-organisms which cater varied physiological functions starting from metabolism to immunity. Austrian paediatrician Theodor Escherich was perhaps the first to discover a type of bacteria in both healthy and diseased children in around 1880’s andlater the bacteria was named upon him as Escherichia Coli.[1] Microbiota comprises of bacteria, viruses, archaea and other unicellular eukaryotes, [2] among which bacteria are of majority which is populated to 10¹⁴ cells and are almost 10 times more than the number of human cells present in the body. [3] The total number of these microbiome in gut ranges up to 100 trillion, belonging to different bacterial species which are estimated to be around 200 to 1000 in number. [4] However, 99% of these 100 trillion species belong to 3040 species only. [5] The recent era has now focused on the importance of understanding the role of these microbiota in both health and disease aspect. Indeed, it is this human microbiome (all group of microbiota) which contribute to the specific genetic representation of a particular individual. [1] A great number of research works have garnered significant knowledge about them in due course, which indeed is a due to strong development of technology.